Hodgkin Lymphoma is a type of cancer that starts in the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system helps your body fight infections. In Hodgkin Lymphoma, certain white blood cells called lymphocytes grow out of control. As a result, these cells form lumps called tumors. Early detection of Hodgkin Lymphoma can improve treatment outcomes. This blog explains what Hodgkin Lymphoma is, its causes, and common symptoms.
What Is Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Hodgkin Lymphoma is a cancer that affects the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are small glands that filter harmful substances from your body. This disease is also known as Hodgkin’s disease. Unlike other cancers, Hodgkin Lymphoma often starts in the neck, armpit, or chest. However, it can spread to other parts of the body. The main feature of Hodgkin Lymphoma is the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells. These are large, abnormal cells seen under a microscope. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Hodgkin Lymphoma is less common than other types of lymphoma. It can affect both adults and children, but it is most common in young adults and older adults.
Causes of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Doctors do not know the exact cause of Hodgkin Lymphoma. However, several factors may increase your risk. For example, having a weak immune system can make you more likely to develop this cancer. In addition, certain infections may play a role. The Epstein-Barr virus, which causes mononucleosis, is linked to some cases. Family history can also be a factor. If a close relative has had Hodgkin Lymphoma, your risk may be higher. Other possible risk factors include:Being between ages 15 and 40, or over 55Being male (slightly higher risk than females)Having HIV or other immune system problems
Even though these factors can raise your risk, many people with Hodgkin Lymphoma have no clear risk factors. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the symptoms.
Common Symptoms of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Hodgkin Lymphoma symptoms can be easy to miss at first. Often, people notice a painless lump in the neck, armpit, or groin. This lump is usually a swollen lymph node. However, other symptoms can appear as the disease progresses. Watch for these common signs:Painless swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, armpit, or groinFever that comes and goesNight sweats (waking up drenched in sweat)Unexplained weight lossItchy skinFeeling very tired (fatigue)Loss of appetitePersistent cough or trouble breathing (if lymph nodes in the chest are affected)
Sometimes, these symptoms can be caused by other health problems. But if they last for more than two weeks, you should see a doctor. Early diagnosis can help improve treatment success.
When to See a Doctor
If you notice any of the symptoms listed above, it is important to talk to a healthcare provider. For example, if you have a lump that does not go away or keeps getting bigger, make an appointment. In addition, if you have fever, night sweats, or weight loss without a clear reason, see your doctor. Sometimes, these symptoms are caused by infections or other conditions. However, only a doctor can find the exact cause. Early testing and diagnosis can lead to better outcomes. Do not wait if you are worried about your health.
In summary, knowing the signs and causes of Hodgkin Lymphoma can help you seek help early. Consult a healthcare specialist for personalized advice about Hodgkin Lymphoma.